JEE Chemistry Chemical Bonding 2027 — VSEPR, Hybridization and MO Theory
Chemical Bonding is one of the most concept-rich chapters in Physical Chemistry. Understanding molecular geometry, bond angles, and bond properties is essential for both JEE Main and Advanced.
VSEPR — Quick Geometry Table
| BP | LP | Geometry | Example | Angle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 0 | Linear | BeCl₂, CO₂ | 180° |
| 3 | 0 | Trigonal Planar | BF₃, SO₃ | 120° |
| 4 | 0 | Tetrahedral | CH₄, CCl₄ | 109.5° |
| 3 | 1 | Trigonal Pyramidal | NH₃, PCl₃ | 107° |
| 2 | 2 | Bent/V-shaped | H₂O, SO₂ | 104.5° |
Hybridization — Key Rules
- sp: 2 bond pairs, 0 LP — Linear (BeCl₂, C₂H₂)
- sp²: 3 bond pairs, 0 LP — Trigonal planar (BF₃, C₂H₄)
- sp³: 4 bond pairs, 0 LP — Tetrahedral (CH₄, CCl₄)
- sp³d: Trigonal bipyramidal (PCl₅)
- sp³d²: Octahedral (SF₆, [CoF₆]³⁻)
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